CPO Inspections may indeed be subjective. But for things like brake linings (min 5 mm of friction material) and tire tread depth (min 3 mm from top of wear bar) BMW NA is very strict about what they will allow. Unless your dealers certification tech didn't check the linings properly, or misrepresented that (they and the Service Manager are required to sign the CPO form) it's possible they just wore out.

I'd politely ask the Service Manager at your dealer to check the paperwork and see if they think there may be a problem. They may be willing to give you a concession on the pads as a goodwill gesture, especially if your a regular customer.

If you do have to pay out of pocket, nothing wrong with shopping around for better aftermarket pads and rotors. I just had my fronts done at 55k miles by my dealer and it was not cheap. Good luck.

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Current Fleet:
2018 328d Xdrive Sport Wagon
2011 X5 Xdrive 35d
1973 2002 tii
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Past loves:
2015 i3 REX
2011 535i Xdrive
2005 X5 4.4i
2003 530i
1999 528i
1995 525i