Now pics of the rear adapter.
Concerned about load on the differential, differential cover / seam, differential bushings. Also concerned about it slipping off.
I decided the steel cross-beam behind the differential looked sufficiently strong and wanted to lift at that point. The solution I came up with let me do that while keeping it pretty well locked in place with no load on the differential, and no chance of anything slipping off.
4x4 wood, like before. The circular cutout seen in the wood was done with my 10" table saw blade, to clear the protrusion on the differential.
The steel bracket screwed into the wood is for alignment. It does not take any load, but makes sure the thing is fit in properly and cannot slide out while jacking up.
So the light brown plastic thing sits on the floor-jack plate. The cutout section goes up against the differential, with enough clearance from the protruding fins on the differential so there is no contact. So that cutour is facing the front of the vehicle. The upward-turned flange on the bracket tucks in between the differential and the square bar - so it keeps this adapter from sliding too far backward, and off the bar. So when in place, the load goes from the jack, through the plastic thing at the bottom, through the 4x4, through the steel bracket, to the structural square beam on the x5. All of those in compression and secured from sliding out of place.