Thanks. I will try to get the pressure gauge and a system for jumping the relay tomorrow. Bentleys says the jumper must be 14 gauge and have a 15 amp fuse. Is that correct (a wire would be a lot easier, but I will be going to O'Reilly's)?

I still think it's more likely the fuel system than the ignition, but I have been known to be wrong (ask my ex). Seems like I should check the actual pressure at the fuel rail and report back.

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2001 X5 3.0i Old Gold -built and bought 08/2000, now at 220K miles
2005 X5 3.0i Silver Bullet -built 05/2005, bought 03/2021 at 95K miles