You don't say what tires, what size, and what condition of tread wear.

Yes, you can use the original 17" (or 18") spare tire, if the rolling circumference is the same as the tires you have installed. It will look temporary, but that doesn't matter. It won't handle the same, so don't push it to the limit. The transfer case can only handle a few % difference in rolling circumference.

Use a tire calculator online to determine the effective rolling circumference for the specific tires you are using.

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2007 X3 3.0si, 6 MT, Premium, White

Retired:
2008 535i, 6 MT, M Sport, Premium, Space Grey
2003 X5 3.0 Steptronic, Premium, Titanium Silver
2002 325xi 5 MT, Steel Grey
2004 Z4 3.0 Premium, Sport, SMG, Maldives Blue