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Originally Posted by M6X
does anyone know the science behind brake squeaks?
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Brake Squeal 101:
If it is a squeal, as opposed to a grinding noise, it is caused by one or both of the pads vibrating in one or more calipers. The pad vibrates due to a harmonic being set up between the pad and the rotor. Surface finish of the rotor can affect it as much as pad composition. That means that a glazed rotor can cause a squeal regardless of the pad hardness or softness. That is also why a few hard applications can change the noise..
Either pad can vibrate and make a noise, inner or outer, in my opinion and experience. There is an antivibration clip on the outer pad (which tensions the pad). That tension shifts the harmonic frequency sufficiently that it prevents noise. Beyond that, the key is that you won't get a noise unless you have a path for that vibration to be transmitted along. That is why the high temperature grease on the pad ears is so critical, it isolates the pad from the caliper and stops the noise being transmitted.
Having a chamfer at the leading edge of the pad can also change the vibration characteristics of the pad, and thus the squealing characteristics.
Hard and soft pad material doesn't impact noise as much as friction characteristics of the pads do. Metal Master pads for example are very hard, but have far less noise than many other pads. BMW puts carbon black in their pads as a filler material, and it helps with damping out noise, but it causes visible black brake dust. That is separate from the issue of whether the pads are considered hard or soft, but it does impact the friction characteristics, and thus the tendency of the pad to vibrate and make a squealing noise.
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